Korean pop culture, in numbers

Industry

Korea's webtoon industry is 396 businesses. Twenty-eight of them earn 64 times what the other 368 do.

Platforms average ₩94.5bn in revenue; content providers average ₩1.5bn. Three-quarters of all webtoon businesses take less than ₩1bn a year, and 214 of them have fewer than ten staff.

Korea’s webtoon industry, as its own government survey counts it, is 396 businesses. Split them the way the survey does and the sector turns out to be two things sharing a name.

Businesses Average revenue Under ₩1bn ₩10bn+
Platforms 28 ₩94.5bn 51.8% 39.3%
Content providers 368 ₩1.5bn 78.3% 5.3%
All 396 ₩8.1bn 76.4% 7.7%

A platform averages 64 times the revenue of a content provider. The 28 of them are 7% of the businesses in the survey.

The shape underneath the average

An average of ₩8.1bn across the sector would suggest a mid-sized industry. The band columns say something else: 76.4% of all webtoon businesses take less than ₩1bn a year, and only 7.7% clear ₩10bn.

Sorted by staff instead, the same shape appears:

Businesses Average revenue Under ₩1bn
Under 10 staff 214 ₩0.3bn 92.8%
10–49 staff 129 ₩1.3bn 68.9%
50+ staff 53 ₩56.1bn 28.3%

214 of 396 businesses — more than half — have fewer than ten people. Their average annual revenue is ₩330m. The 53 businesses with fifty or more staff average ₩56.1bn, roughly 170 times as much.

What each kind of business actually does

The survey also splits by main line of work, and the split tracks the platform divide almost exactly.

Main business Businesses Average revenue
Webtoon service provision 31 ₩85.3bn
Other 24 ₩2.0bn
Distribution and brokerage 65 ₩1.6bn
Publishing 28 ₩1.5bn
Planning and production 247 ₩1.4bn

Planning and production is the largest group and the second-smallest by revenue. 247 of the 396 businesses make the work; they average ₩1.4bn. The 31 that run the service where it is read average 61 times that.

How much of this is actually webtoons

One column in the survey is easy to miss and worth more than most of the rest: what share of a business’s revenue comes from webtoons at all.

59.5% of businesses take three-quarters or more of their revenue from webtoons. Among the very small — under ten staff — it is 67.5%. Among businesses over ₩10bn it drops to 41.3%.

So the large end is diversified and the small end is not. The businesses least able to absorb a bad year are the ones with the least else to fall back on.

What this survey does not tell you

It counts businesses, not artists. Nothing here says how revenue is divided between a platform, a production studio and the person drawing. That is the question most often asked about this industry and this dataset cannot answer it.

It is 2024. The survey runs behind, and 2024 is the most recent reference year published. We add later years when they appear.

And the two 28s are different sets. Twenty-eight businesses are platforms; twenty-eight are publishers by main line of work. They are separate cuts of the same 396 and the coincidence of the number means nothing.

Where these numbers come from

Sources

  • Korea Creative Content Agency — 웹툰산업실태조사 (Webtoon Industry Survey), reference year 2024, via KOSIS tables DT_467002_A005 and DT_467002_A004 · https://kosis.kr

What we checked

  • Every figure is as the survey publishes it. The two groups — platforms and content providers — are the survey's own split, not ours
  • Average revenue is the survey's mean per business in millions of won, converted to billions for reading. Means are used because the survey publishes means; the revenue-band columns are given beside them so a reader can see the skew the mean hides
  • The revenue bands and the staff bands are separate cuts of the same 396 businesses, so their counts each sum to 396 and are not additive with each other

What we left out, and why

  • Any figure for 2025 or 2026. The survey runs behind; 2024 is the most recent reference year published
  • Any claim about individual companies. The survey publishes group aggregates only, and we do not know which businesses are in which band
  • Creator earnings. This survey covers businesses, not the artists who supply them, and nothing here says how revenue is split with them

The data behind this

Written from the same data

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